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Italy: leaders, famous people, culture and history

17 places on the atlas covering people, history, architecture, language, culture, festivals, folklore and crafts. Highlights include Leonardo da Vinci, Pompeii, Colosseum and Italian.

See Italy on the map Etiquette guide

What is on the atlas

Who leads Italy?

PresidentSergio Mattarella
Prime MinisterGiorgia Meloni

Office-holders as of July 2026. Governments change, so check Italy’s official government website for the latest. Full list of heads of state and government.

Famous people from Italy

A short, well-known selection rather than a ranking. People pinned on the map appear in the cards below.

Etiquette tips for Italy

All etiquette tips for Italy

People in Italy

People

Leonardo da Vinci

Vinci, Tuscany, Italy

Born near the Tuscan town of Vinci, he painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper and filled thousands of notebook pages with studies of anatomy, water and flying machines.

Lived: 1452–1519 · Known for: Painter, inventor, scientist
People

Galileo Galilei

Pisa, Italy

He used an improved telescope to observe the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus, and supported the idea that the Earth moves around the Sun.

Lived: 1564–1642 · Known for: Astronomer and physicist
People

Florence Nightingale

Florence, Italy

Named after her birthplace, she improved hospital hygiene during the Crimean War and founded a school for nurses in London.

Lived: 1820–1910 · Known for: Founder of modern nursing
People

Marco Polo

Venice, Italy

A Venetian who travelled across Asia and spent years in the court of Kublai Khan. An account of his journeys introduced many Europeans to Asia.

Lived: 1254–1324 · Known for: Merchant and traveller
People

Sophia Loren

Rome, Italy

She rose from a modest background in Naples to Hollywood fame, and in 1962 became the first performer to win an Oscar for a non-English-language role.

Born: 1934 · Known for: Actress
People

Federico Fellini

Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

His dreamlike films such as La Dolce Vita and 8½ made him one of the most influential directors in the history of cinema.

Lived: 1920–1993 · Known for: Film director
People

Luciano Pavarotti

Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

One of the best-known opera singers ever, he brought opera to huge audiences, including through The Three Tenors concerts.

Lived: 1935–2007 · Known for: Opera tenor

History in Italy

History

Pompeii

Campania, Italy

A Roman town buried by ash from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE, preserving streets, homes and wall paintings.

Date: 79 CE

Architecture in Italy

Architecture

Colosseum

Rome, Italy

A vast oval amphitheatre that held tens of thousands of spectators, with stacked arches and carefully planned entrances and exits.

Built: Completed 80 CE · Style: Roman amphitheatre
Architecture

Leaning Tower of Pisa

Pisa, Tuscany, Italy

The bell tower began to tilt during construction because of soft ground. Engineers stabilised it in the 1990s and 2000s.

Built: 1173–1372 · Style: Romanesque

Language in Italy

Language

Italian

Florence, Tuscany, Italy

Modern standard Italian grew largely out of the Tuscan dialect used by Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio.

Say hello: Ciao / Buongiorno · Script: Latin
Language

Latin

Rome, Italy

The language of ancient Rome and the ancestor of Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian. It remained the language of scholarship in Europe for many centuries.

Say hello: Salve · Script: Latin

Culture in Italy

Culture

Pasta traditions

Bologna, Italy

Bologna is known for tagliatelle with ragù and for hand-rolled fresh pasta made with eggs and flour.

Tradition: Fresh egg pasta
Culture

Neapolitan pizza

Naples, Italy

Naples is the birthplace of pizza. The art of the Neapolitan pizzaiolo, including tossing and baking in a wood-fired oven, is on UNESCO's intangible heritage list.

Tradition: Wood-fired pizza

Festivals in Italy

Festivals

Carnevale di Venezia

Venice, Italy

Costumed visitors wear elaborate masks and gowns in Venice's squares in the weeks before Lent.

Usually: February · Theme: Masks and costumes · Months: February

Folklore in Italy

Folklore

Tarantella

Salento, Apulia, Italy

A fast, whirling southern Italian dance associated with Apulia, where the Pizzica tradition continues at summer festivals.

Kind: Folk dance

Crafts in Italy

Crafts

Murano glass

Murano, Venice, Italy

Glassmakers were moved to the island of Murano in the 13th century, and their coloured and clear glassware became famous worldwide.

Craft: Glassblowing

How to use this page

This page brings together the people who lead Italy today, a short selection of well-known people from Italy, and the 17 places pinned for Italy on the atlas. Use the buttons at the top to see Italy on the map, where you can filter by theme, read a short summary of each pin and follow the link to Wikipedia for the full article. To browse the same themes across the whole world, see the people page, history page, architecture page, language page, culture page, festivals page, folklore page and crafts page.

Questions about Italy

Who is the leader of Italy?

As of July 2026: President: Sergio Mattarella; Prime Minister: Giorgia Meloni. Office-holders change, so check the official government site for the latest.

Who are some famous people from Italy?

Well-known people connected with Italy include Leonardo da Vinci (painter and inventor), Michelangelo (sculptor and painter), Dante Alighieri (poet), Galileo Galilei (astronomer) and Giuseppe Verdi (composer).

Which famous people from Italy are pinned on the atlas?

People pinned for Italy include Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Florence Nightingale, Marco Polo, Sophia Loren and Federico Fellini. Open the map to read a short summary of each.

What festivals are celebrated in Italy?

Festivals on the atlas for Italy include Carnevale di Venezia. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What are famous landmarks and buildings in Italy?

Notable buildings and sites in Italy on the atlas include Colosseum and Leaning Tower of Pisa. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What are important historical places in Italy?

Historical places in Italy on the atlas include Pompeii. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What languages and scripts is Italy known for?

Language entries for Italy on the atlas include Italian and Latin. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What traditional crafts is Italy known for?

Traditional crafts from Italy on the atlas include Murano glass. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What food and customs is Italy known for?

Food and customs from Italy on the atlas include Pasta traditions and Neapolitan pizza. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What folklore and music does Italy have?

Folklore and music from Italy on the atlas include Tarantella. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

How can I explore Italy on the map?

Choose See Italy on the map above, or search for Italy on the atlas. You can filter by theme, drag the Time travel slider to see who was alive and what was standing in different centuries, and open any pin for a short summary and a link to the full Wikipedia article.

What etiquette should visitors know in Italy?

Greeting: A handshake or two cheek kisses among friends. Say 'Buongiorno' on entering shops. Dining: Cappuccino is a morning drink. Meals are leisurely, and the bill is not brought until you ask. These are general customs, not legal advice.