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China: leaders, famous people, culture and history

24 places on the atlas covering people, history, architecture, language, culture, festivals, folklore and crafts. Highlights include Confucius, Terracotta Army, Forbidden City and Tibetan.

See China on the map Etiquette guide

What is on the atlas

Who leads China?

PresidentXi Jinping
PremierLi Qiang

Office-holders as of July 2026. Governments change, so check China’s official government website for the latest. Full list of heads of state and government.

Famous people from China

A short, well-known selection rather than a ranking. People pinned on the map appear in the cards below.

Etiquette tips for China

All etiquette tips for China

People in China

People

Confucius

Qufu, Shandong, China

Born in the state of Lu, near present-day Qufu, his teachings on ethics, family duty and good government shaped East Asian thought for more than two thousand years.

Lived: c. 551–479 BCE · Known for: Philosopher and teacher
People

Jackie Chan

Hong Kong, China

He combined martial arts with comedy and performed his own stunts in dozens of Hong Kong and Hollywood films.

Born: 1954 · Known for: Action film star
People

Zheng He

Kunyang, Yunnan, China

He led seven large Ming-dynasty voyages across the Indian Ocean, reaching as far as East Africa, with some of the biggest wooden ships of his time.

Lived: 1371–1433 · Known for: Admiral of the Ming treasure fleets
People

Yao Ming

Shanghai, China

A 2.29-metre centre who became a star in the NBA with the Houston Rockets and helped popularise the sport in China.

Born: 1980 · Known for: Basketball player
People

Li Na

Wuhan, Hubei, China

In 2011 she became the first player from Asia to win a Grand Slam singles title, and she won a second in 2014.

Born: 1982 · Known for: Tennis player
People

Jet Li

Beijing, China

A former wushu champion who became an action star in films such as Once Upon a Time in China and Hero.

Born: 1963 · Known for: Martial artist and actor
People

Lang Lang

Shenyang, Liaoning, China

A pianist who rose from a childhood in Shenyang to play with the world's leading orchestras and inspire millions of young students.

Born: 1982 · Known for: Concert pianist

History in China

History

Terracotta Army

Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

Thousands of life-sized clay soldiers were buried to guard the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of unified China.

Period: c. 210 BCE
History

Great Wall of China (Badaling)

Beijing, China

Many walls were built across northern China over some two thousand years. The Badaling section near Beijing was rebuilt in the Ming dynasty.

Built: Walls built over many centuries; this section Ming era

Architecture in China

Architecture

Forbidden City

Beijing, China

The imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, with hundreds of buildings arranged along a strict central axis.

Built: 1406–1420 · Style: Chinese imperial
Architecture

Potala Palace

Lhasa, Tibet, China

A white-and-red palace-fortress high above Lhasa, once the winter home of the Dalai Lamas, with over a thousand rooms.

Built: 17th century · Style: Tibetan

Language in China

Language

Tibetan

Lhasa, Tibet, China

Tibetan is written in a script based on Indian models from the 7th century and preserves a huge body of Buddhist literature.

Say hello: བཀྲ་ཤིས་བདེ་ལེགས (Tashi delek) · Script: Tibetan
Language

Mandarin Chinese

Beijing, China

Spoken by more native speakers than any other language. It is written in characters, each standing for a syllable and meaning, and uses four tones.

Say hello: 你好 (Nǐ hǎo) · Script: Chinese characters
Language

Cantonese

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

A Chinese language with six to nine tones, spoken in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macau and by many overseas communities.

Say hello: 你好 (Nei hou) · Script: Chinese characters

Culture in China

Culture

Yum cha and dim sum

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

In Guangzhou and the wider Cantonese world, families gather over tea and small steamed dishes, often pouring tea for others before themselves.

Tradition: Tea with small shared dishes
Culture

Shaolin Kung Fu

Dengfeng, Henan, China

The Shaolin Temple's monks developed a style of martial arts that is practised as a discipline of body and mind. The temple complex lies near Mount Song.

Tradition: Buddhist temple martial arts
Culture

Peking duck

Beijing, China

A dish of roasted duck with crisp skin, sliced at the table and eaten wrapped in thin pancakes with sauce and spring onions. It is closely associated with the Chinese capital.

Tradition: Roast duck with thin pancakes

Festivals in China

Festivals

Chinese New Year

Beijing, China

Families reunite for a feast, give red envelopes and decorate with red lanterns. The date follows the lunar calendar.

Usually: January–February · Theme: Lunar New Year · Months: January, February
Festivals

Mid-Autumn Festival

Hong Kong, China

Families gather to admire the full moon and share mooncakes. Hong Kong adds lantern displays in its parks.

Usually: September–October · Theme: Moon festival · Months: September, October
Festivals

Harbin Ice and Snow Festival

Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Entire buildings and towers are built from huge blocks of ice cut from the frozen Songhua River and lit with coloured lights.

Usually: January–February · Theme: Ice and snow lantern world · Months: January, February
Festivals

Dragon Boat Festival

Miluo, Hunan, China

Teams paddle long decorated boats in time to drums, and families eat sticky rice parcels called zongzi. Tradition links the festival with the poet Qu Yuan, who is honoured at Miluo.

Usually: Fifth day of the fifth lunar month (May–June) · Theme: Boat races and zongzi · Months: May, June

Folklore in China

Folklore

Peking opera

Beijing, China

A theatre art that mixes song, speech, mime and acrobatics. Performers wear bold painted faces and rich costumes, with colours and patterns that signal each character's nature.

Kind: Musical theatre

Crafts in China

Crafts

Jingdezhen porcelain

Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China

Known as the porcelain capital, Jingdezhen has produced fine white porcelain for more than a thousand years, including blue-and-white ware.

Craft: Porcelain
Crafts

Suzhou silk embroidery

Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

Embroiderers use very fine silk threads to create lifelike pictures, sometimes stitched on both sides of the same cloth.

Craft: Fine silk embroidery

How to use this page

This page brings together the people who lead China today, a short selection of well-known people from China, and the 24 places pinned for China on the atlas. Use the buttons at the top to see China on the map, where you can filter by theme, read a short summary of each pin and follow the link to Wikipedia for the full article. To browse the same themes across the whole world, see the people page, history page, architecture page, language page, culture page, festivals page, folklore page and crafts page.

Questions about China

Who is the leader of China?

As of July 2026: President: Xi Jinping; Premier: Li Qiang. Office-holders change, so check the official government site for the latest.

Who are some famous people from China?

Well-known people connected with China include Confucius (philosopher), Laozi (traditional founder of Daoism), Sun Tzu (author of The Art of War), Qin Shi Huang (first emperor of unified China) and Li Bai (Tang-dynasty poet).

Which famous people from China are pinned on the atlas?

People pinned for China include Confucius, Jackie Chan, Zheng He, Yao Ming, Li Na and Jet Li. Open the map to read a short summary of each.

What festivals are celebrated in China?

Festivals on the atlas for China include Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival, Harbin Ice and Snow Festival and Dragon Boat Festival. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What are famous landmarks and buildings in China?

Notable buildings and sites in China on the atlas include Forbidden City and Potala Palace. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What are important historical places in China?

Historical places in China on the atlas include Terracotta Army and Great Wall of China (Badaling). Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What languages and scripts is China known for?

Language entries for China on the atlas include Tibetan, Mandarin Chinese and Cantonese. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What traditional crafts is China known for?

Traditional crafts from China on the atlas include Jingdezhen porcelain and Suzhou silk embroidery. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What food and customs is China known for?

Food and customs from China on the atlas include Yum cha and dim sum, Shaolin Kung Fu and Peking duck. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

What folklore and music does China have?

Folklore and music from China on the atlas include Peking opera. Open the map for photos and links to read more.

How can I explore China on the map?

Choose See China on the map above, or search for China on the atlas. You can filter by theme, drag the Time travel slider to see who was alive and what was standing in different centuries, and open any pin for a short summary and a link to the full Wikipedia article.

What etiquette should visitors know in China?

Greeting: A handshake or nod is normal. Names are given family name first. Use titles such as Director Wang. Dining: Dishes are shared and the host often orders for the table. Leave a little food on the plate to show you are full. These are general customs, not legal advice.